Valve-gear for explosive-engines.



N0. 844,458. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

' G. H MORGAN & A. J. GIFFORD.

VALVE GEAR FOR BXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION Him) JAN. 2, 1903,

.4 sums-sun 1.

CH. Morgan wz fnesse I52 #6 n fame PATENTBD FEB. 19, 1907. 0. H. MORGAN & A. J. GIFFORD.

VALVE GEAR FOR. EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 190a.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

No'.-a44,-45s. PATENTED'PEB. 19, 1907.

-c. H. MORGAN & A. J.. GIFFORD. VALVE GEAR FOR EXPLOSIVB ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 844,458. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

0. H. MORGAN & A. J. GIFFORD.

VALVE GEAR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHUSETTS; SAID GIFFORD ASSIGNOR TO SAID MORGAN.

VALVE-GEAR FOR EXPLVOSIIVE-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7 Application filed January 2, 1903. Serial No. 137,473-

Patented. Feb. 19, 1907.

To all whom it may concern; i

Be it known that we, CHARLES H. Mon- GAN and ALBE rJ. GIFFORD', c.tzens' of the Un.ted States, resldlig at Worcester, in the countv ,of Worcester and. State of Massachu-' setts, have invented a new and useful-Valve- Gear for. Explosive-Engines, of which-the folhe improvements have been especially I designed for. use-in connection with the twocycle s; stem of gas-engine, in which the pisk t'onis forced forward on one movement by the combustion or explos;on of a compressed mixed charge of air-and gas, in which the ex Y hau'st takes place as the piston reaches the end of this movement and in which the prod- .ucts of combustion remaining in the c linder' are blown out by a blast of air under pressure, so that a fresh charge of air and gas can be introduced and compressed as the piston makes its backward movement, whereby a fresh impulse is obtained on each forward movement of the piston. In this application for patent. we have shown the improvements applied .to a twocylinder type of motor substantially the same in structural arrangement as the four-cylinder motor shown in the application for patent filed by; Charles-H. Morgan, August 14,. 1901, SerialNo. 71,978, although it is to be understood that the improvements can be applied to any form of motor of this class.

Referring to the accompan y'ing'four sheets of drawings, forming part of this application for patent,"Eigure 1 18 a side-elevation, partly in section, of a: as-engine with the improve-v ments applied t -ereto, the governor connec-' tions being omitted, so that the other parts can be seen. Fig. 2 is an elevation of opposite sldewith the fly-wheels removed. "Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive, are partial views, on an enlarged scale, illustrating the operation of the valve-operating connections.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of one of-the valves and its parts. Figs. 7 and 8 are similar views of the valve, illustrating the same in different positions. Fig. 9 is a cross sectlonal view of the valve, taken on the line 9 9 of Fig.6, and Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional viewof' the valve, taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 7.

.to regisler with the chamber 16. the bottom of-the valve-casing V is a head or Referring to thedrawings and in detail, A represents the framework of the machine.

C desgnates the cylinders, which are shown as arranged in vertical position. Working in each c 'linder isa piston P. Each piston connects by a piston-rod p to a walk ing-beam W, secured on 'a shaft .3, which is journaled in the framework. Secured on the shaft S is a lever L, which carries a crank-pin l, which connects by a rod or link R to'a crankinE, secured to crank-disks D, arrange on the main shaft M. This main shaft M is journaled in suitable bearings in .the frame and carrier'the usual fly-wheels F.

By these connections as the pistons are reciprocated in their cylinders the flywheels Will be rotated. Secured on the top-of each.

cylinder isa head B, which overhangs at one portion of the cylinder, so that a valve casin'g V can be secured to both heads parallel with I the cj'linders. This forms a simple and compact arrangement. The walls of the c;.linders and OQ'ilDdGT-hGfidS are made hollow, so that they can be water-jacketed in the usual manner. One or more igniters I are arranged in each cylinder-head. Two igniters of the a electric or spark form are preferably employed in each head. Each cylinder is provided with a series of exhaust-ports 10,

a which are uncovered as the piston approaches the limit. of its downward movement. These orts 1O communicatewith an annular chamer 11, and an exhaust-pipe 12 connects with each of these chambers.

'13 designates the air-supply pipe, and 14 the gas-supply 'ip'e. The air-pipe 13 connects to a chain er 1'5 in the casing V common to the two valves for the two cylinders, and the gas-pipe l tconnects to a similar common chamber 16. As each of the valves is the same in construction, a description in detail of one will suffice'.

A lining 17 is driven in-or secured to the valve-casing V. This lining has a series of slots 18 formed or cut therein to register with the chamber 15 and a series of slots 19 Bolted to cap 20. The top of the liningl? is turned or ground to form a valve-seat 21, cooperating with which is a valve 22. This valve is m'ade in the form of a puppet-valve and is accural'ely ground to fit the seat 21.

Depending from the valve 22 is a stem 23. Keyed ribs also are. important means or factors for.

- 30 and the ring 28'.

onto the stem is a cylindrical valve-body 24. This valve-body has projecting which. carry valve-rings 26 and 27. The

securing the more perfect mixture of air and gas before entering the cylinders. The lower end of the valve-body 24 is formed into a ring 28,'into which the ribs 25 join.

The rings 27 and 28 may have suitable packing therein, so as to fit tightly to :the lining. 1,7. rings 26 and 27 are used tocontrol the air and gas ports. The lower ring 28 is turned out so as to have a conical depression 29. This coact's'wit'h a cone-shaped hub 30, formed on the cap 20 so as to form adash-pot, which is conical in shape and which extends up inside.

the'valveso that the pressure will be exerted in a manner tending to keep the lower'valve ring tight on the lining. The action of this dash-pot is controlled by a valve 31, arranged in a small passage communicating from the atmosphere into the space between the cone bushing 32 placed thereon bearing against the cylindrical valve and held in place-by a nut 33, threaded onthe valve-snein 23. On the end of the valve-stem is secured a. cupshaped guiding piece 34. This piece is keyed to the end of the valves'em 23 and is held in place thereon by a nut 35; A keyway 36.is cut in-the guiding-piece 34.. The cup-shaped guiding-piece his in a bearingformed in the lower part of the. cap 20. The lower rim of the cap20 is screw-threaded, and threaded into. the same is a hub 37, which has a key 38 engaging the keyway 36, formed in the guiding. iece 34. The hub 37 has a projecting han le 39, pivoted on which is a spring-pressed spoon 40, having a knifee ged ear 41, which can engageany one of a series of notches 42, formed at the bottom of the cap 20. By this arrangement the entire valve and its appurtenances can be turned 17 are offset relatively tothe slots '19.

and set in adjusted position. The purpose of this is as follows: The slots 18 in the lining The air passes in from the annular chambers 15 through the slot 18. and the gas passes from the ohamber 16 through the slots 19, and the gas mix and pass up between the.

air and ribs 25. Hence the position of the ribs 25 relatively to the ribs which remain in the lining 17 after the slots 18 and 19 are cut therein will determine or limit the size of the air'and gas supply ports as'the richness or leanness of gas requires. As shown in Fig. 9, the 'airopenings up through the valve-body 2,4 are adjusted to their widest extent and the gas-openings, justed to their smallest extent. If now the valve shouldlbe sli htly turned by means of the handle. 39 in t c direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 9-and 10. the air-openings would be diminished. in size and-the gas.-

openings increased. Bythis means as the ribs 25,

The.

The valve-stem 23 has a as shown in Fig. 10, are adair+supply passages are diminished the gassupply passages are increased in area, and vice. versa. This provides an admirable adjustment for thepurpose named, and by this adjustment the proper relative-proportion between the gas and air-supply can be acc urarely obtained.

Referring now to the connections which are used to actuate the valves, 43 designates anienlarged central portion of shaft S, which forms, in eflect, a wrist-plate. Each valve is connections are the. same one. set will suflice. Bolted on the wrist plate isa hearing or bracket 44,, which carries a wrist-pin 45, engaging which is. ahead 46. This head is connected by a bolt 47 to a head 48, which has extending therefromf'a catch 49, usually made in theform of a hook,

the description of although a roll is sometimes used. Thebolt 47 is oppositely threaded into the heads 46 and 48, and check-nuts 50 are. arranged thereon, as shown. head 51. This. between the. heads 46 and 48; Thehead 48v is pivoted on a pin 52, whichprojects laterally from an arm shaft 54. 1

Attached to the side of each cylinder-casing is a guideway 55, in which is arranged. a. slide 56, the upper end'of which engages. the.

end of the valve-stem 23. Pivoted on a 53., loosely arranged on a operated from this wrist-plate, and as the. I

The. bolt 47 has a bolt provides for an adjustment,

stud 57,. mounted at the lower end of the.

guideway 55., is a. small lever 58, one. end of which is arranged in position to'cooperatewith the catch or hook 49., and the other end of which is arranged in position to bear on the'lower end of the slide .56.

Mounted on a shaft 5.9,journaled'inthe arm .53, isfa trigger 69, the end of which is arranged in position to engage the lower end of the slide 56.. Aspi ing 6:1 is employed to keep the trigger in position normally toengage the lower end of the slide 56. Also'secured on theshaft 59 is an arm 62, which is arranged in position tostrike ona projectionor cam 63,-extend1ng from a hub-64 secured by a governor, as hereinafter described, so

that the cam 63 has its position controlled or adjjustedby the governor. 1 a i To follow the operation of, these parts, the left-hand cylinder shown in- Fig. 1 should be considered. As

parts approach this position, the hook or catch 49 e1 ages the; ever 58- Fig. 6. This will allow acurrent or blast of airto sweep through the cylinder and drive ICO , to the shaft 54. The shaft 54- is'co'ntrolled they piston approaches the I end of its downward inovementfithe same no uncovers the? exhaust-ports 10-.- Whenthe the products ofcombustion remaining in the cylinder out through the exhaust-ports. 10.

As the piston-reaches. the extreme. of' its downward movement the trigger snaps under the slide 56. Then as the piston commences its upward movement the upward motion of the arm 53 will lift the puppet-valve 22 and the cylindrical valves to the position shown in Fig. 7. This'will allow amixed charge-of air and gas to flow over into the cylinder. sition until the arm'62 engages the governor controlled cam 63, as shown in Fig. 4, ,when

the continued upward movement of the arm 53 will cause the trigger-to move from under the end of the slide 56, thus allowing the valves to return to their normal position;

(Illustrated in Fig. 8.) This release ofthetrigger is illustrated in Fig. 5.- i The puppetvalve will come properly and easily to its seat by reason of the dash-pot arrangement previously described. A spring is usually off for the supply of air and gas. 1 After the supply of air and gas has been cut off in this way the continued upward movement of the piston will compress the mixed charge contained in the cylinder until the piston reaches its highest point, when the igniters will explode the charge, and thus force the piston on its downward. or positive movement.

It will be noted after the catch 49 has giventhe valve 22 its initial opening-movement that as the arm 53 makes its upward movement the catch will move away from the lever 58, as illustratedin Fig. 4, so that l the same will not interfere with the quick closing of the valves when-the trigger 60 is released.

The upper valve-ring 27 is made short, so

as not to quite cover the air-inlet passages 15 when in normal position. This is done so that when the valve 22 is given its initial opening there will be a quick flow of the air and thereafter a continued flow, the amount of which is regulated by the distance the portslS' are uncovered when the parts assome the ositionshown in Fig. 6.

port 16, so as to shut. off the supply of'gas positively, both when the valves are in their normal position, as shown in Fig. 8, and

when. the valve 22 .is'given its initial movement to allow the air to sweep out the cylinder, as shown'in Fig. 6. The gas-inlet passages are only 0 en when the valve is lifted by the action 0 the trigger mechanism, as

The valves will remain'in th'iS po- This valve mechanism will thus.pro-' engine and belted to a pulley 71 of a governor G. This governor hasits'actuating-rod connected by a bell crank-lever-72- and link 7 3 to an arm or lever 7 4, secured on one of the shafts 54. Also extending from this shaft 54 is a lever 75, which connects by link 76 to a lever'.77, o positely arranged on the other shaft 54. 'gy these connections each. of the cams 6 3 will be properly moved by the governor.

The action of the valves and valve connections in connection with'the right-hand cylinder is substantially the, same as that.

reviously describedin connection with the eft-hand cylinder and need not-be again 80 gone over..' I Y I "It is'ob'vious that the improvementsfcrming this 3 invention-to wit, the mproved form of valves and valve-actuatmg connections can be a plied to any form of 8 5 single or. multiple cy inder two-step-cyele. gas-engine, and while we have shown the sameas applied and'as well adapted for one term of multi le-cylindergas-engine we do not wish to e'limi'ted to the" application thereof tothis particular form c csen to illustrate our invention.

The general organization ofthe' cylinders,

valve-casings, and valve-operating mechan- ;is1ns shown herein are not claimed in this application for patent, as the same are claimed in a division of this application fcr patent filed by us May 19,1903, Serial No. 157,771.

'The details and arrangements-herein de-' scribed may be widely departed from by a skilled mechanic without departing from the scope of. ourinvention as expressed in the Having thusfully described our invention, what we claim, and desire'to securahyLetters Patent, is p f r 1; In a valve-actuating mechanism, the combination of an 'cscillating'wrist plate, a. connection therefrom "carrymg' a hook or catch a lever for initially opening the valve which said hook o'rc'atch engages, a'n'oscillat ing lever operatedby said -,connection, and

connections therefrom for-further opening.

the valve.

2. In a valve-actuatin mechanism, the I combination of an oscil ating' wrist-plate, The va ve-ring' 26 is made larger than the.

a connection extending therefrom, anfosclllating lever actuated thereby, a catch and a lever arranged to impart aninitialo'pening to thevalve as the wrist-plate reaches its limit "rec of motion in. one direction, and connections 'governor-controlle triggerjmounted on said from said oscillating lever for further 0 en-"' oscillating lever tor imparting the further or principal opening movement to the valve.

4. 1n a valve-actuating mechanism; the combination of an oscillating wrist-plate, a connection therefrom, a lever oscillated by said connection, a hook and a lever for imparting the initial movement to the'valve, a trigger on the oscillating lever for imparting the principal movement to the valve, and a trigger.

. '5; In a valve-actuating mechanism, the comb'mation of an oscillating wrist-plate, a

connection extending therefrom, a lever oscillated thereby, a catch and lever for imparting the initial opening movement to the valve, a springpressed trigger for imparting the prmcipal movement-to the valve, and a governor-controlled cam turning on the axis of the oscillating lever for releasing the orig ger. g a

Y 6. In a valve for explosion-motors, the

combination of the valve-casing, annular airhaving a puppet-valve and ring-valves 'work- 7 I governor-controlled cam for releasing the cap secured to the set our hands in the scenes ing therein for changing the relative propor tion ofair and gas, an oscillating disk, a conncction extending therefrom, a lever oscillated by said connection, a catch and lever and connections whereby the puppet-valve will be slightly raised from its seat to allow an initial entrance of air and then fully raised from its seat with the as and air supply lportsopening to allow or the changing of the cylinder, and trigger-connections for allowing. said valves to return to normal position.

8. In a valve mechanism for explosionmotors, the combination of a valve-casing having a pu pet-valve and ring-valves working therein or changing the relative proportion of air and as, an oscillating disk, a connection exten mgtherefrom; a lever oscillated by said connection, a catch and lever and connections whereby thepuppet-valve will be slightly raised from its'seat to allow an initial entrance of air and then fully raised from its seat with the gas and air supply ports opened to allow for cylinder, trigger connections for liberating said valves and allowing them to return to their normal Position, and governor-actuated connections anisrnc I t In testimony whereof we have hereunto presence of twosubscribing Witnesses;

CHAS. H. MORGAN. ALBERT J. GIFFORD. Witnesses: j

LOUIS W SOUTHGATE,

' R. L. MORGAN.

the charging of the or releasing said trigger'mecb. 

